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Governments are reviewing plans to open Arctic waters tooilmen WHEN BP's Macondo well began spewing oil into the Gulf ofMexico, the firm was in the midst of an effort to persuadeCanada's energy regulator that safety standards for offshore drilling in the Canadian Arctic wereexpensive, impractical and should be relaxed.
Hearings on the subject were promptly suspended and the regulator declared that no new drillingpermits would be issued pending a review of existing rules. We have a duty to pause, to take stockof the incident, says Gaétan Caron, head of the National Energy Board.
For a time it looked as though the Arctic would be the next frontier for Western oil firms, whichhave only limited access to the most promising prospects in sunnier climes. The retreat of the polarice cap is making the region easier to work in, and there is thought to be lots of oil and gas to tap.
But Canada is not the only country now thinking twice: America, Norway and even Russia are allcontemplating tighter rules for drilling. Canada's stay on drilling, like a similar one imposed inAmerica, is temporary. But environmental groups and some indigenous people advocate morelasting restrictions, on the ground that the Arctic is particularly ecologically fragile, far from clean-upcrews and blanketed for much of the year in oil-trapping ice.
A vigorous argument about whether to open pristine bits of coastline to drilling had already beenunder way in Norway.
The spill has made a big impression in the country, says Kristin Halvorsen, who leads one of theparties in the governing coalition and opposes the expansion, because it shows that even with a lotof security measures and top modern technology, you can't insure against accidents when youare working with oil.
The row is threatening to undermine the coalition, with the prime minister refusing to rule outfurther drilling.
Russia's parliament, too, has begun debating updated environmental laws to address offshore spills—a move the government supports. Only Greenland, an autonomous Danish territory with highhopes for an oil-fuelled bonanza, is pressing ahead undaunted with plans to expand oil exploration.
Its government has approved drilling this summer in Baffin Bay, close to its maritime boundary withCanada. That decision has alarmed Jim Prentice, Canada's environment minister, who wants thehighest environmental standards to be applied.
Mr Prentice and his counterparts from other Arctic states met in Greenland this week, to discussoffshore drilling among other topics. The oil industry is relatively confident that their response toevents farther south will not be too restrictive. After all, if the Arctic does not provide new suppliesof oil, they will have to be obtained somewhere else.
As Benoit Beauchamp of the Arctic Institute of North America, a Canadian research outfit, notes:That somewhere else might be the oil sands, which have their own environmental problems, or itcould be coming from places where you have to deal with warlords and terrorists, like Africa, or theMiddle East, where we pretty much have to send armies to protect the oil and gas.